Utilizing the photothermal effect for releasing molecules from the surfaces of gold nanoparticles

Nanomaterials, with unique physical and chemical properties, have the potential to help in the development of drug delivery systems. Some of these properties can be attributed to the nanoscale dimension of these materials. By masking, targeting, and release of a therapeutic agent, these nanomaterials can provide a delivery system that would reduce side effects. Gold nanoparticles have been studied as a candidate for the drug delivery system. These materials can be decorated with molecules that have a thermally responsive reaction (i.e., Diels-Alder). In addition, gold nanoparticles when irradiated with a right wavelength of light produce heat. Consequently, the generated heat from nanoparticles causes a retro-Diels-Alder reaction, which release a segment of molecule (i.e., payload) from gold surfaces. This controlled release mechanism is a novel method to take advantage of the properties inherent in gold nanoparticles and have the potential to be used in drug delivery system.