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Today, scholarship gives the credit for the medieval, ethical doctrine of intentionality to Abelard who late in his career wrote Ethica or Scito te ipsum (“Know Thyself”) where it received its fullest expression, but we see the roots of the doctrine in Heloise’s life, especially the crises she faced during and after the affair. A case can be made that Heloise herself invented the doctrine, with Abelard functioning as the philosophical mouthpiece.